Managing Sundowning in Warmer Months

When the sun lingers late into the evening, many of us living with or caring for an elderly loved one brace for a troubling shift: sundowning. As warmer months arrive, seniors with dementia or Alzheimer’s may become increasingly agitated, anxious, or confused as daylight fades. Why does sundowning intensify with seasonal change, and what can families do to ease these difficult twilight hours?

Sundowning, or "sundown syndrome," refers to a pattern of behavioral changes that often occur in the late afternoon or early evening in individuals with cognitive issues and dementia. Symptoms may include heightened confusion, anxiety, irritability, pacing, or even aggression. While the exact cause is not fully understood, factors such as fatigue, disrupted circadian rhythms, lower light levels, and sensory overload are believed to play a role. In summer, longer daylight hours, heat, and changes in routine can exacerbate these symptoms, making it crucial for caregivers to adapt their approach.

Why Warmer Weather Can Worsen Sundowning:

Seasonal shifts bring unique challenges for those experiencing cognitive decline. The extended daylight of summer can disrupt sleep-wake cycles, leading to increased exhaustion by late afternoon. Heat and humidity may also contribute to dehydration or discomfort, further fueling agitation. Additionally, vacations, family visits, or altered daily schedules—common in summer—can create unfamiliar environments that heighten confusion. Geriatric Care Managers, like at Senior Steps, are trained to recognize these triggers and help family members of an elder loved one implement strategies that minimize distress.

Practical Strategies for Caregivers:

One of the most effective ways to manage sundowning is maintaining a consistent daily routine. Predictability provides comfort for individuals with dementia, so keeping meal times, activities, and bedtime as regular as possible helps reduce anxiety. In summer, adjusting the schedule to avoid the hottest part of the day can prevent overheating, which may worsen agitation. Encouraging hydration with water or electrolyte-rich beverages is equally important, as dehydration can mimic or intensify confusion.

Lighting plays a significant role in sundowning. As evening approaches, shadows and dimming light can be disorienting. To counteract this, ensure indoor spaces can be well-lit before dusk, using soft, natural-spectrum lighting to ease the transition into nighttime. Blackout curtains can help during early sunrises, promoting better sleep.

Engaging in calming activities during the late afternoon can redirect restlessness. Gentle exercises like stretching or short walks in cooler morning or evening hours can reduce pent-up energy. Soothing sensory activities—such as listening to familiar music, folding laundry, or working on simple puzzles—can also provide focus and comfort.

For caregivers and family members, self-care is essential. Sundowning can be emotionally draining, particularly in summer when routines are disrupted. Respite care, even for short periods, allows caregivers to recharge. Onboarding a Geriatric Care Manager also makes a significant difference, as their support anticipates and plans for the behavioral changes unique to each individual.

Creating a Supportive Environment:

Small adjustments to the living space can make a big difference. Reducing noise from televisions or household chores in the evening helps prevent sensory overload. Keeping the home cool with fans or air conditioning ensures physical comfort, while familiar objects like family photos or favorite blankets provide emotional security. If the person with dementia becomes agitated, responding with patience and reassurance—rather than correction—can defuse tension.

Sundowning can be challenging, especially during seasonal transitions, but with thoughtful strategies, caregivers can help their loved ones navigate these moments with greater ease. By prioritizing routine, comfort, and gentle engagement, the longer days of summer can remain enjoyable rather than overwhelming. For family members, recognizing the signs of sundowning and adapting to its rhythms—while also seeking support when needed—can make all the difference in fostering a peaceful and supportive environment.

If you or an elder loved one have questions about overcoming the challenges of aging and managing elder care, Senior Steps offers no-cost phone consultations. Contact us through our website, SeniorSteps.org, or call us at 617-842-6796